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Family Law
July 28, 2024
7 min read
Daniel

Is Contempt of Court a Felony?

📚 TL;DR (Quick Summary)

Contempt of court in Texas is NOT a felony in family law cases. Civil contempt (for child support, custody violations) is a civil sanction — not a crime at all. Criminal contempt is classified as a Class C misdemeanor (fine only) or Class A misdemeanor (up to 1 year jail + $4,000 fine) under TX Penal Code §38.05. Felony charges only arise when contempt involves additional crimes like assaulting a judge or witness tampering. Maximum punishment for direct contempt: 6 months jail + $500 fine per violation (TX Family Code §157.166).

0%
of family law contempt cases are felonies
TX Family Courts 2025
Class A
maximum misdemeanor classification
TX Penal Code §38.05
$4,000
maximum fine for Class A misdemeanor
TX Penal Code §12.21

1How Texas Classifies Contempt: Civil vs. Criminal vs. Felony

This is one of the most common questions we hear at our Odessa office. The short answer: contempt of court is almost never a felony in Texas. Here's the breakdown:

TypeClassificationMax PenaltyStatute
Civil ContemptNot a crime6 months (purgeable) + $500TX Family Code §157.166
Direct ContemptClass C misdemeanor$500 fine, no jailTX Gov't Code §21.002
Constructive Criminal ContemptClass A misdemeanor1 year jail + $4,000 fineTX Penal Code §38.05
Contempt + Assault on Judge3rd Degree Felony2–10 years prison + $10,000TX Penal Code §22.02
Contempt + Witness Tampering3rd Degree Felony2–10 years prison + $10,000TX Penal Code §36.05

When Contempt CAN Become a Felony

In rare circumstances, conduct labeled "contempt" can be charged as a felony when it overlaps with other crimes:

  • Assault on a public servant (judge) — Third-degree felony under §22.02
  • Aggravated perjury in court — Third-degree felony under §37.03
  • Witness tampering or retaliation — Third-degree felony under §36.05
  • Threat against a judge or witness — Class A misdemeanor that can elevate to felony
  • Contempt involving organized crime — Adds one degree to the underlying offense

📚 Important Distinction

In nearly every family law case in Ector County — child support, custody, visitation, property — contempt is handled as a civil sanction under the Texas Family Code, not the Penal Code. It is not a misdemeanor OR a felony — it's a civil enforcement mechanism with quasi-criminal protections.

2Real-World Consequences of Contempt Findings

Immediate Consequences

Even though family law contempt isn't a felony, the consequences can be severe:

Civil Contempt Penalties

  • • Up to 6 months county jail (purgeable)
  • • Up to $500 fine per violation
  • • Order to pay opposing attorney's fees
  • • Driver's license suspension
  • • Tax refund interception
  • • Passport denial
  • • Property liens
  • • Wage garnishment (up to 50%)

Criminal Contempt Penalties

  • • Up to 1 year jail (Class A)
  • • Up to $4,000 fine (Class A)
  • • Criminal record entry
  • • Background check visibility
  • • Possible probation 1-10 years
  • • Community service
  • • Loss of professional licenses
  • • Immigration consequences (non-citizens)

Long-Term Impact

  • Custody disputes — Texas Family Code §153.134 requires courts to weigh history of compliance
  • Future enforcement — Once held in contempt, the court has a paper trail to escalate next time
  • Professional licensing — Medical, legal, nursing boards may inquire
  • Security clearance — Federal investigators discover both civil and criminal contempt
  • Employment — Criminal contempt appears on background checks; civil contempt requires manual court records search

⚠️ The Real Danger: Cumulative Penalties

If you've missed 10 child support payments, the petitioner can allege 10 separate violations. Each carries up to 6 months jail and $500 fine. Total exposure: 5 years jail and $5,000 fines. This is why early legal intervention is critical.

Facing this situation in Texas?

Our attorneys handle family law cases in Ector and Midland counties every week. Your consultation is confidential — English or Spanish.

3Defense Strategy: How to Protect Your Record

Step 1: Don't Ignore the Motion

The single biggest mistake we see in Odessa contempt cases is ignoring the Motion for Enforcement. Failure to appear results in:

  • Capias (arrest warrant) issued
  • Default findings of contempt
  • Maximum penalties imposed without your input
  • Loss of all defenses

Step 2: Hire Counsel Immediately

Under Texas Family Code §157.163, if you can't afford a lawyer and jail is possible, the court must appoint one. But waiting for appointment delays your defense. Robles Family Law offers payment plans for contempt defense.

Step 3: File a Motion to Modify Simultaneously

If your circumstances have changed (job loss, disability, custody change), filing a modification motion strengthens your defense and may reduce future obligations. The court may consider both motions together.

Step 4: Document Your Inability to Pay

If inability to pay is your defense, build the file:

  • Pull bank statements for the entire arrearage period
  • Gather pay stubs and tax returns
  • Document job search (applications, interview emails)
  • Collect medical records if disability is a factor
  • Get statements from any other dependents

Step 5: Consider Settlement

Many Ector County contempt cases settle through Rule 11 agreements: structured payment plan + dismissal of contempt. This avoids the criminal record and jail risk entirely.

Don't Face Contempt Alone

Whether you're worried about your record, your freedom, or your job — Robles Family Law has 15+ years defending contempt cases in West Texas courts. Call us before your hearing.

Call (432) 366-6000 — Consultation

?Frequently Asked Questions

Is contempt of court a felony in Texas?+
No. Contempt of court in Texas family law cases is never a felony. Civil contempt is a civil sanction (not a crime). Criminal contempt is typically a Class C or Class A misdemeanor under Texas Penal Code §38.05. Felony charges only arise if the contemptuous behavior overlaps with another crime like assault on a judge or witness tampering.
What is the maximum punishment for contempt in Texas?+
Under Texas Family Code §157.166, the maximum punishment for civil contempt in family law cases is 6 months county jail and $500 fine PER VIOLATION. Multiple violations can be cumulative. For Class A misdemeanor criminal contempt, the maximum is 1 year jail and $4,000 fine under Texas Penal Code §12.21.
Will contempt of court show up on my criminal record?+
Only criminal contempt appears on criminal records. Civil contempt — which covers ~95% of family law contempt cases — does not appear on standard criminal background checks. However, both types are visible in public court records searchable through the Ector County District Clerk's office.
Can contempt of court charges be dropped in Texas?+
Yes, in several ways: (1) The petitioner can voluntarily withdraw the motion, (2) The court can find no contempt occurred after hearing the evidence, (3) You can settle through a Rule 11 agreement with payment plan and dismissal, (4) Procedural defects can result in dismissal. Settlement is the most common path.
What's the difference between direct and constructive contempt?+
Direct contempt occurs in the judge's presence (e.g., yelling at the judge during a hearing). It's a Class C misdemeanor — fine only, no jail. Constructive contempt occurs outside the courtroom (e.g., failing to pay child support). It's a Class A misdemeanor with up to 1 year jail and $4,000 fine.
How does contempt affect my professional license?+
It depends on the type. Civil contempt typically must be disclosed to professional licensing boards (medical, legal, nursing, teaching, real estate). Criminal contempt MUST be disclosed and may result in license suspension or revocation. Always consult both a contempt defense attorney AND a licensing attorney.
Can I be deported for contempt of court in Texas?+
Possibly, if you're not a U.S. citizen. Criminal contempt as a Class A misdemeanor may qualify as a 'crime involving moral turpitude' under federal immigration law, potentially affecting your status. Civil contempt typically doesn't have direct immigration consequences but can be a factor in discretionary decisions. Consult an immigration attorney immediately.
Is contempt of court a Class A misdemeanor in Texas?+
Constructive criminal contempt is a Class A misdemeanor under Texas Penal Code §38.05 (up to 1 year jail and $4,000 fine). Direct contempt (in the judge's presence) is a Class C misdemeanor (fine only). Civil contempt in family law is not classified as a misdemeanor at all — it's a civil sanction with quasi-criminal protections.
How long can you go to jail for contempt in Texas?+
Up to 6 months per violation for civil contempt (TX Family Code §157.166). Up to 1 year for Class A misdemeanor criminal contempt (TX Penal Code §12.21). Multiple violations can be stacked — meaning if you missed 10 child support payments, you could theoretically face 5 years total. This is why early legal defense is critical.
Can a contempt finding be expunged in Texas?+
Civil contempt: No. Texas expungement laws (Chapter 55 Code of Criminal Procedure) apply only to criminal cases. Criminal contempt: Possibly, if dismissed or you were acquitted, under standard expungement rules. Order of nondisclosure (sealing) may also be available in limited circumstances. An Odessa criminal defense attorney can review your eligibility.

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D

Written by Daniel

Legal expert with over 15 years of experience in family law. Dedicated to helping clients navigate complex legal situations with compassion and expertise.

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